Theories 1: Bordwell and Thompson

Categories of editing:

4 Different Relationships Between Shots In Editing:

• Graphic
• Spatial
• Temporal
• Rhythmic

Graphic:
Films are visual so they can be linked graphically. The different 'pictorial qualities' that can be found are the Light, Dark, Shape, Volume, Depth, Movement and Stillness. These can be used to create a smooth or un-smooth contrast.
Graphic Match: Linkage of shots by Graphic Similarities
Example of a graphical match from The Birds

The edit at 0:20 shows a graphical match as nearly every aspect of what was shown on screen was the same as the last scene, bar the positioning of the actress, who had slightly changed where she was standing

Graphic Continuity: Centre of interest is constant throughout cuts (mainly the lighting level and the avoidance of strong colour clashes)
Graphic Discontinuity: contrasts with nearly all pictorial quality's, usually a new subject or idea

Spatial
Concerns Film Space( the location and setting) and the relationship of the various points through similarity, difference and development.
Continuity editing: producing analytical space via an establishing shot, followed by smaller range shots.
Kuleshov effect: No establishing shot can lead to a misinterpretation or mistakes. Audience will create a connective relationship between shots or spacial coexistence

Cross cutting: (parallel editing) can build action taking place in separate locations.

Temporal
Relates to the flow of time in the film world and changing aspects to fit in with the plot. This means the normal flow of time can be altered to fit in with the story, getting rid of unimportant areas (known as an ellipsis) such as the main character going to the bathroom, or showing flash backs and flash forwards.
Example of temporal wipe from Star Wars

By using a wipe from scene to scene the audience are aware that they are seeing a different time and place to that of the previous scene.
Rhythmic
duration of the shots are different relative to each other. Steady beats can build suspense while gradually shortening ones can build fear and expectation.